Assessment of New Chemical Markers for Renal Function after Hemodialysis
Ammar Y. Mohammed, Nihad N. Hilal, Entedhar R. Sarhat,
Mohammed Abdulaziz
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a broad term that refers to several conditions that impact the structure and function of the kidneys. Disease and management are classified according to stages of disease severity for patients with end-stage renal disease, hemodialysis (HD) becomes a crucial therapeutic intervention to sustain life by filtering waste products and excess fluids from the bloodstream. This study aimed to assess the impact of HD on the levels of activin and Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) in patients with chronic renal disease. The study carried out in Kirkuk city from November 2023 to April 2024. The study included 70 patients with CKD undergoing regular HD at Alamal center of dialysis in Kirkuk city, using 40 healthy persons as a comparison group. Pre- and post- HD blood samples, together with samples from the control group, were collected and examined for multiple parameters. The blood samples were taken to assess the levels of serum activin and ZAG using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The study shows that activin level was highly significant increase (p < 0.01) in HD patients before dialysis as compared to control group. The mean of activin level in HD patients before dialysis was 3.104±1.172 ng/ml, while in the control group, it was 1.745±0.068 ng/ml. Similarly, ZAG concentration was highly significant increase(P<0.01) in HD patients before dialysis compared to control group, The mean of ZAG level in HD patients before dialysis was 312.761±67.85 ng/ml, while in the control group, it was 152.03±25.53 ng/ml. The study observed a rise in serum activin and ZAG levels after HD. Specifically, the average serum activin level before HD increased from 3.104±1.172 ng/ml to 3.670±1.255 ng/ml after HD, while the average serum ZAG level before HD increased from 312.761±67.85 ng/ml to 356.003±42.59 ng/ml after HD. The study found that HD patients had elevated levels of biomarkers. Elevated activin levels suggest HD may contribute to chronic inflammatory state, and increased ZAG levels may be a compensatory response to CKD and dialysis-related inflammation.
Keywords: Chronic kidney, End-stage renal disease, Hemodialysis, Activin, Zinc-α2-glycoprotein
